![]() The instantaneous amplitude level in each sample is given the value of the nearest measuring increment-a process called quantization. Things like dynamic range, frequency content, and so on are all contained within this datastream. Each audio sample contains data that provides the information necessary to accurately reproduce the original analog waveform. In an analog-to-digital converter, this is accomplished by capturing, at a fixed rate, a rapid series of short “snapshots”-samples -of a specified size. Since computers “think” in discrete steps, in order to convert analog audio signals to the digital domain, it’s necessary to describe the continuous analog waveform mathematically as a succession of discrete amplitude values. Sampling BasicsĪt the most basic level, computers operate one step at a time by turning a succession of switches on or off at very high speed. But no worries: We’re just going to discuss sample rate and bit depth at a basic level, as applied to linear pulse-code modulation (PCM), one of the most common conversion technologies. The conversion process is complex, and there are multiple ways to accomplish it. Although discussions of digital audio conversion have filled several books, a fundamental understanding of two terms is particularly important to correctly using your computer-based recording system: sample rate and bit depth.
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